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ABCG1 Deficiency in Mice Promotes Endothelial Activation and Monocyte-Endothelial Interactions [Cell
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/809?rss=1
Objective— Activated endothelium and increased monocyte–endothelial interactions in the vessel wall are key early events in atherogenesis. ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters play important roles in regulating sterol homeostasis in many cell types. Endothelial cells (EC) have a high capacity to efflux sterols and express the ABC transporter, ABCG1...
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Nutrient Modification of the Innate Immune Response: A Novel Mechanism by Which Saturated Fatty Acid
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/802?rss=1
Objective— Monocyte/macrophage inflammation is an important contributor to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Studies have suggested saturated fatty acids (SFA) induce monocyte inflammation in a Toll-like receptor-4–dependent manner, but recent data suggest SFA do not directly interact with Toll-like receptor-4. The present study tests...
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The Ability to Promote Efflux Via ABCA1 Determines the Capacity of Serum Specimens With Similar High
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/796?rss=1
Objective— We measured efflux from macrophages to apolipoprotein B-depleted serum from 263 specimens and found instances in which serum having similar high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) differed in their efflux capacity. Thus, we wanted to elucidate why efflux capacity could be independent of total HDL-C or apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I)...
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Macrophage LRP-1 Controls Plaque Cellularity by Regulating Efferocytosis and Akt Activation [Integra
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/787?rss=1
Objective— The balance between apoptosis susceptibility and efferocytosis of macrophages is central to plaque remodeling and inflammation. LRP-1 and its ligand, apolipoprotein E, have been implicated in efferocytosis and apoptosis in some cell types. We investigated the involvement of the macrophage LRP-1/apolipoprotein E axis in controlling plaque apoptosis and efferocytosis...
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Tissue-Specific Liver X Receptor Activation Promotes Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport In Viv
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/781?rss=1
Objective— We previously reported that a systemic liver X receptor (LXR) agonist promoted macrophage reverse-cholesterol transport (mRCT) in vivo. Because LXR are expressed in multiple tissues involved in RCT (macrophages, liver, intestine), we analyzed the effect of tissue-specific LXR agonism on mRCT.
Methods and Results— In initial studies...
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Enhanced External Counterpulsation Attenuates Atherosclerosis Progression Through Modulation of Proi
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/773?rss=1
Objective— Shear stress may be the most crucial local factor affecting atherogenesis. The present study investigated the effect of exposure to increased shear stress promoted by enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on the progression of atherosclerosis and the underlying inflammation-related molecular mechanisms in a porcine model of hypercholesterolemia...
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Nonenzymatic Glycation Impairs the Antiinflammatory Properties of Apolipoprotein A-I [Integrative Ph
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/766?rss=1
Objective— The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of nonenzymatic glycation on the antiinflammatory properties of apolipoprotein (apo) A-I.
Methods and Results— Rabbits were infused with saline, lipid-free apoA-I from normal subjects (apoA-IN), lipid-free apoA-I nonenzymatically glycated by incubation with methylglyoxal (apoA...
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Reduced NO-cGMP Signaling Contributes to Vascular Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Induced by Hig
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/758?rss=1
Objective— Diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice causes vascular inflammation and insulin resistance that are accompanied by decreased endothelial-derived NO production. We sought to determine whether reduced NO-cGMP signaling contributes to the deleterious effects of DIO on the vasculature and, if so, whether these effects can be blocked by increased vascular NO-cGMP signaling...
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Specific Dietary Polyphenols Attenuate Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice by Alleviat
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/749?rss=1
Objective— Animal and clinical studies have suggested that polyphenols in fruits, red wine, and tea may delay the development of atherosclerosis through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated whether individual dietary polyphenols representing different polyphenolic classes, namely quercetin (flavonol), (–)-epicatechin...
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Naringenin Decreases Progression of Atherosclerosis by Improving Dyslipidemia in High-Fat-Fed Low-De
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/30/4/742?rss=1
Objective— Naringenin is a citrus flavonoid that potently inhibits the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B100–containing lipoproteins in cultured hepatocytes and improves the dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in a mouse model of the metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we used low-density lipoprotein receptor–null mice...
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